A medium-frequency induction furnace is a type of electric furnace used for melting metals, particularly in foundries and metalworking industries. induction furnace structure is designed to generate heat through electromagnetic induction and melt metals efficiently. Below is an overview of its key components and structure.
1. Power Supply System
- Средняя частота Источник питания: Converts standard AC power (50/60 Гц) into medium frequency AC (typically 150 Гц к 10,000 Гц). This is achieved using a rectifier, инвертор, and capacitors.
- Rectifier: Converts AC to DC.
- Inverter: Converts DC back to AC at the desired medium frequency.
- Capacitors: Store and regulate electrical energy to ensure stable operation.
2. Induction Coil
- Copper Coil: A water-cooled copper coil surrounds the crucible. It generates an alternating magnetic field when medium frequency AC passes through it.
- Magnetic Field: The alternating magnetic field induces eddy currents in the metal charge, generating heat through resistance.
3. тигель
- Refractory Lining: The crucible is made of refractory materials (например, ceramic or graphite) to withstand high temperatures and contain the molten metal.
- Tilt Mechanism: Some furnaces have a tilting mechanism to pour molten metal.
4. Система охлаждения
- Water Cooling: The induction coil and other components are water-cooled to prevent overheating and ensure efficient operation.
- Cooling Tower or Chiller: Maintains the temperature of the cooling water.
5. Control System
- PLC (Programmable Logic Controller): Automates and monitors the furnace operation.
- Temperature Sensors: Measure and regulate the temperature of the molten metal.
- Frequency and Power Controls: Adjust the frequency and power output for optimal melting.
6. Furnace Body
- Steel Frame: Provides structural support for the furnace.
- Изоляция: Minimizes heat loss and improves energy efficiency.
7. Charging and Pouring System
- Charging Hopper: For adding raw materials (scrap metal, сплавы, и т. д.).
- Pouring Spout: For transferring molten metal to molds or ladles.
8. Функции безопасности
- Overheat Protection: Prevents damage from excessive temperatures.
- Leak Detection: Monitors for molten metal leaks.
- Emergency Shutdown: Ensures safe operation in case of malfunctions.
Working Principle
- The power supply generates medium frequency AC, which flows through the induction coil.
- The coil creates an alternating magnetic field, inducing eddy currents in the metal charge.
- The resistance of the metal to these currents generates heat, melting the metal.
- The molten metal is then poured for casting or further processing.
Преимущества
- High energy efficiency.
- Точный контроль температуры.
- Clean and environmentally friendly (no combustion gases).
- Подходит для широкого спектра металлов и сплавов.
This structure makes the medium-frequency induction furnace a versatile and efficient tool for metal melting applications.